HTML5 allows web apps to register themselves for handling URI schemes, such as the bitcoin: URI that is already in use and being extended as part of the payment protocol.
The bad news is that for security reasons there is a whitelist of acceptable schemes in the spec:
The good news is that yesterday I talked to Hixie about it and he added bitcoin to the whitelist:
I'm currently finding out what the process is for browser makers to notice the change (perhaps they watch the spec commit history and nothing needs to be done), but within a few months most users should have browsers that can accept bitcoin as a web-app handleable protocol scheme. I suppose IE10 users may be the laggards, but I guess we can live with that for now.
Ian pointed out some errors in the BIP21 spec. What's the process for amending the BIP? Do we need to create a new one and mark the old one as replaced, or can we just fix it in place given the relatively exotic nature of most of the issues? Here's his feedback: